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  The Deployment of Kenyan-Led Forces in Haiti: Implications for Urban Guerilla Warfare and International Diplomacy By Patrick Prézeau Stephenson   (Le français suit) As Kenyan President William Ruto prepares to visit Washington this week, the deployment of Kenyan-led Multinational Security Support (MSS) forces to Haiti marks a pivotal development in the international response to the nation's escalating crisis of violence and insecurity. The arrival of military equipment and personnel at Haiti's Toussaint Louverture International Airport, including Humvees, MaxxPro infantry carriers, and UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters, underscores the seriousness of this mission[1] This essay examines the implications of these developments for urban guerilla warfare in Haiti, as President Ruto meets with President Biden and other key US figures to discuss this critical intervention. Context of the Crisis Haiti is grappling with an unprecedented surge in terrorist gang activity, particula...

  Strategic Implications of Biden's Military Assistance to Haiti: Enhancing the Multinational Security Support Forces' Capabilities By Patrick Prézeau Stephenson  (le français suit) Introduction In a decisive move reflecting the urgency of the security situation in Haiti, the Biden administration has approved a $60 million military aid package aimed at quelling the rampant gang violence that has destabilized the nation [1,2,3]. This analysis explores the potential impact of this decision on the capacity of the Multinational Security Support forces (MSS), particularly focusing on how this infusion of military resources might alter the tactical and strategic landscape in Haiti. Background Since the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse in 2021, Haiti has been engulfed by escalating gang violence that has challenged the authority of the Haitian National Police (HNP) and threatened the stability of the state. In response, a U.N.-sanctioned multinational security missi...